Magia ornamentu / Galeria / Kolt mould

Kolt mould
Chronology:
Early Middle Ages, 12th-13th c.
Location:
Chełm, Lubelskie, Poland; settlement adjacent to the stronghold
Dimensions:
4.7 cm (length), 4.2 cm (height), 0.6 cm (thickness)
Wiktor Ambroziewicz Museum of the Chełm Region in Chełm

A bronze, oval item, with a slight notch in the upper part. The convex surface of the mould (obverse) has an image of two stylized birds. Their wings entwine and create two knots from three interlacing loops (alluding to the Scandinavian braid motif). This ornithomorphic pattern is surrounded by a fine groove and a wreath of tiny granules. The other side of the item (reverse) is flat and smooth. The mould was used for crafting ornaments, the so-called kolts (Pol. kołt), made of thin silver or gold sheet, and later also of copper and tin, by embossing and striking. Kolts were women’s head jewellery in the form of convex plates with overlapping edges. They featured an embossed ornament and a lug for hanging on a caul or headband on both sides of the face. A piece of fragranced fabric was put inside the item so designed. This type of finery should be associated with the territory of Ruthenia, however, its home was Byzantium.